Tuesday, December 24, 2019
Black Lives Matter A Movement Toward Systematic Equality
Black Lives Matter: A Movement Toward Systematic Equality Gomonnie Olegba Fortis College, Phoenix March 20, 2016 Introduction America is plagued by racial tension, a plight that this country is not unfamiliar with. Headlines of racial fueled riots and crimes flood news feeds from every journal, news paper, and blog. America as a whole has made monumental strides in equality since the Civil Rights Act of 1964 but systematically, African Americans are still experiencing injustice by the government and racism is still alive, itââ¬â¢s just underground. After a bounty of the unjustified murder of unarmed African American men, the Black Lives Matter Movement was created. A Malcom X quote that resonates in theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Some people contend that Black Lives Matter protestors and activists are wild thugs who are trying to intimidate and force their agenda on white people and as Daniel Greenfield put it,â⬠tactics include harassing white people by invading ââ¬Å"white spacesâ⬠and intimidating people tying to eat lunch. This is a racist attack to make whites leave the table.â⬠S ome Caucasian people, as well as others try to justify their dismissal of the Black Lives Matter movement by claiming that it is a racist, anti-civil rights movement. On one hand, if white people mobbed the streets screaming racial slurs, then it would be labeled immediately as utter racism, and swiftly punished. On the other hand, since black people are mobbing the streets, screaming racial slurs, it is considered beautiful and ââ¬Å"praised as a civil rights movement.â⬠Greenfield also adds, ââ¬Å"Racism is not civil rights. No group that talks about white supremacy or white privilege is a civil rights movement. Black racism hides behind alleged victimhood and the racist term ââ¬Å"white privilegeâ⬠is classic racism.â⬠The Black Lives Matter movement came into effect because of the historic oppression experienced by African Americans, the police brutality, along with the innocent victims that were murdered by their hands and the refusal of white America to recog nize the injustice that African Americans as a whole sustain. History of Black Oppression and the
Monday, December 16, 2019
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Sunday, December 8, 2019
The Dissolving of Solid Sodium Hydroxide free essay sample
Measure out approximately 205 mL of distilled water and pour it into the calorimeter. Stir carefully with a thermometer until a constant temperature is reached. Record the volume of water and the constant initial temperature of the water on your data table. 2. Place a plastic measuring trough on top of the digital balance, and then zero the balance (press the tare button) so that the mass of the trough will be ignored and will not be added to the total mass measured by the balance. 3. Measure out approximately three to five scoops of solid sodium hydroxide and record the mass to your data table. 4. Place the solid sodium hydroxide into the water in the calorimeter and replace the lid immediately. Stir gently until the solid is completely dissolved and record the highest temperature reached. Data and Observations Distilled Water Volume 205. 2 mL Constant Initial Temperature 24. 2Ã °C NaOH Mass 2. 535g Final Temperature 27. 8Ã °C Calculations 1. We will write a custom essay sample on The Dissolving of Solid Sodium Hydroxide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Write out a balanced equation for the process you investigated in Part I, including phase symbols. NaOH(s) + H2O(l) -gt; Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) 2. Calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide dissolved. Show your work. 3. Calculate the amount of energy involved in this dissolving process. Show your work. qsurroundings = -qsystem qsystem = -3. 126kJ 4. Determine the enthalpy change, per mole of sodium hydroxide dissolved. Show your work. Part II: The Reaction of Sodium Hydroxide Solution with Hydrochloric Acid Procedure 1. Measure out approximately 100 mL of 0. 50 M hydrochloric acid solution and 100 mL of 0. 50 M sodium hydroxide solution. Record both volumes on your data table. 2. Pour the hydrochloric acid solution into the calorimeter. Measure and record the initial temperature of each solution and record on your data table. 3. Add the sodium hydroxide solution to the acid solution in the calorimeter and immediately replace the lid of the calorimeter. Stir the mixture and record the highest temperature reached. Data and Observations HCl Solution 100. 9mL NaOH Solution 100. 9mL Initial HCl Temperature 25. 2Ã °C Mixed Solution Temperature 28. 2Ã °C Calculations 1. Write out a balanced equation for the reaction you investigated in Part II, including phase symbols. NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) -gt;Ã NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) 2. Determine the enthalpy change of this reaction. Show your work. 4. Using the accepted values of the processes youve examined, would your estimation of the enthalpy change for the reaction of solid sodium hydroxide in aqueous hydrochloric acid change from the prediction you made in question one? Yes, because somehow my data is way off with a 98. 2% error. The enthalpy change should be almost twice my initial prediction. 5. Give a detailed explanation, using what you know about bonds and forces of attraction, for the enthalpy changes you observed in parts I and II of this lab. NaOH is an ionic bond and is stronger than a covalent bond, so naturally it would require a higher amount of energy to break apart. 6. If the hole for the thermometer in a calorimeter is wider than the diameter of the thermometer, leaving a gap between the lid and the thermometer itself, how do you think this would this affect the temperature change observed in the experiment? How would this affect the calculated enthalpy change? Heat would escape through the gap and you would observe lower temperatures than what would actually occur and result in lower enthalpy change.
Sunday, December 1, 2019
Parts of Letter Essays - Politics, Activism,
Parts of Letter : Reasons for Martin Luther King Jr.'s Presence in Birmingham In the introduction, MLK explains his presence in Birmingham in response to the local clergymen's criticisms, which justify MLK's activities as "unwise and untimely" and question his involvement in the matter . MLK explains that he serves as the president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization that operates in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. One of the affiliated organizations is the Alabama Chri stian Movement for Human Rights; t he affiliate in Birmingham asked him to be on call to engage in a nonviolent direct action program if it were deemed necessary. He is th ere mainly because of injustice. He was compelled to carry the "gospel of freedom" beyond his own home town. He recognizes that all communitie s and states are interconnected; w hatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. Anyone who lives in the United States can never be considered an "outsider", as the clergy put it. He cri ticizes the clergymen for sitting on the sidelines and not expressing concern for the conditions that b rought about the demonstrations; they did not care in any way for the desegregation of blacks. The Four Basic Steps to Nonviolent Protest MLK wishes to explain to the clergyman the main causes of the demonstrations taking place in Birmingham; by doing so, he underscores the clergymen's ignorance of the events regarding the actions taken and their unwillingness to understand them . Martin Luther King Jr. explains to the clergy the four basic steps of any nonviolent camp aign in this part of the letter: c ollections of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self-purification; and direct action. It is obvious that raci al injustice engulfs Birmingham. Many n egroes have experience d grossly unjust treatment in the courts and t here have been more unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches in Birmingham than in any other city in the nation. As injustice was present, negotiations were necessary. However, the Birmingham city administration consistently refused to engage in negotiation. One September, promises were made by merchantsfor example, to re move stores' humiliating racial signs. However, o nly a few signs were briefly removed and returned; the others remained. When negotiations did not wo rk, direct action was necessary. The SCLC began a series of workshops on nonviolence to keep demonstrators from retaliating against brutal police treatment. Easter weekend was decided as the right time to strike, due to an influx of customers in the commercial district during this time. Eventually, d emonstrations were postponed due to election time. The clergymen criticized that d irect action was not necessary and untimely . Martin Luther King replied that it was necessary to create tension, which would result in change. The new city administration, after the elections, was going to behave the same as the old administration; therefore, direct action must be taken. He reminds the clergy that he has not made a single gain in civil rights without legal and nonviolent pressure. Difference Between Unjust and Just Jurisdiction MLK includes this part in the essay to address why his campaign advocates breaking certain laws (sitting in white only areas, causing mayhem, etc.), while obeying others (outlawing segregation in schools, etc.) something the clergymen express a great deal of anxiety over . He believes that, per St. Augustine, "an unjust law is no law at all," and one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws; while, the converse remains true for just laws. He defines just laws as laws that uplift human personality an d square with moral law, while any law that degrades the human personality and is not rooted in eternal and natural law is unjust. Therefore, all segregation statutes are unjust because segregation distorts the soul and damages the personality. Through more concrete examples, he explains that unjust laws are separation and inequality made legal and are enacted undemocratically. Both majority and minority groups must be observed under the same laws; t hose are the laws which are legal and just. Many negroes in Alabama are barred from voting in elections; therefore, the state g overnment was elected undemocratically . Civil disobedience in
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